Raspberry Pi Pico W – As webserver

Table of Contents

Using the Pico W as a Web Server
Using the Pico W as a Web Server with buttons and temperature
Products
Source

Using the Pico W as a Web Server #

This program turns your Pico W into a small web server. The web page has two links on it. One link will turn the on-board LED on and the other link will turn the LED off.

import network
import machine
import time
import ubinascii
import socket

onboard_led = machine.Pin("LED", machine.Pin.OUT)
onboard_led.value(0) # LED off

# Fill in your WiFi network name (ssid) and password here:
wifi_ssid = ""
wifi_password = ""

# Connect to WiFi
print('Connecting to WiFi Network Name:', wifi_ssid)
wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
wlan.config(hostname="RPI_PICOW")
wlan.active(True)  # power up the WiFi chip
print('Waiting for wifi chip to power up...')
time.sleep(3) # wait three seconds for the chip to power up and initialize
wlan.connect(wifi_ssid, wifi_password)
while wlan.isconnected() == False:
    print('Waiting for connection...')
    time.sleep(1)
print("Success! We have connected to your access point!")
print("Try to ping the device at", wlan.ifconfig()[0])
print("- subnetmask:", wlan.ifconfig()[1])
print("- gateway:", wlan.ifconfig()[2])
mac = ubinascii.hexlify(wlan.config('mac'),':').decode()
print("- MAC address:", mac)

addr = socket.getaddrinfo('0.0.0.0', 80)[0][-1]
print('addr:', addr)
s = socket.socket() # Open socket
s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
s.bind(addr)
s.listen(1)
print('listening on', addr)

html = """<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
     <title>Web Server On Pico W</title>
   </head>
  <body>
      <h1>Pico Wireless Web Server</h1>
      <p>%s</p>
      <a href="/light/on">Turn On</a>
      <a href="/light/off">Turn Off</a>
  </body>
</html>
"""
stateis = "LED is OFF"

# Listen for connections
while True:
  try:
    cl, addr = s.accept()
    print('client connected from', addr)
    request = cl.recv(1024)
    print(request)
    request = str(request)
    led_on = request.find('/light/on')
    led_off = request.find('/light/off')
    print( 'led on = ' + str(led_on))
    print( 'led off = ' + str(led_off))

    if led_on == 6:
      print("led on")
      onboard_led.value(1)
      stateis = "LED is ON"

    if led_off == 6:
      print("led off")
      onboard_led.value(0)
      stateis = "LED is OFF"
    # generate the we page with the stateis as a parameter
    response = html % stateis
    cl.send('HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\nContent-type: text/html\r\n\r\n')
    cl.send(response)
    cl.close()

  except OSError as e:
    cl.close()
    print('connection closed')

Result

Using the Pico W as a Web Server with buttons and temperature #

import network
import machine
import time
import ubinascii
import socket
from machine import ADC

# Internal temperature sensor is connected to ADC channel 4
temp_sensor = ADC(4)

onboard_led = machine.Pin("LED", machine.Pin.OUT)
onboard_led.value(0) # LED off

# Fill in your WiFi network name (ssid) and password here:
wifi_ssid = "Matrix"
wifi_password = "139726845$e"

# Connect to WiFi
print('Connecting to WiFi Network Name:', wifi_ssid)
wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
wlan.config(hostname="RPI_PICOW")
wlan.active(True)  # power up the WiFi chip
print('Waiting for wifi chip to power up...')
time.sleep(3) # wait three seconds for the chip to power up and initialize
wlan.connect(wifi_ssid, wifi_password)
while wlan.isconnected() == False:
    print('Waiting for connection...')
    time.sleep(1)
print("Success! We have connected to your access point!")
ip = wlan.ifconfig()[0]
print("Try to ping the device at", ip)
print("- subnetmask:", wlan.ifconfig()[1])
print("- gateway:", wlan.ifconfig()[2])
mac = ubinascii.hexlify(wlan.config('mac'),':').decode()
print("- MAC address:", mac)

# Open a socket
address = (ip, 80)
connection = socket.socket()
connection.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
connection.bind(address)
connection.listen(1)
print(connection)

def webpage(temperature, state):
    #Template HTML
    html = f"""
            <!DOCTYPE html>
            <html>
            <form action="./lighton">
            <input type="submit" value="Light on" />
            </form>
            <form action="./lightoff">
            <input type="submit" value="Light off" />
            </form>
            <p>LED is {state}</p>
            <p>Pico temperature is: {temperature} degrees celcius</p>
            </body>
            </html>
            """
    return str(html)

# Listen for connections
def serve(connection):
  #Start a web server
  state = 'OFF'
  onboard_led.value(0)
  while True:
    client = connection.accept()[0]
    request = client.recv(1024)
    request = str(request)
    try:
      request = request.split()[1]
    except IndexError:
      pass
    if request == '/lighton?':
      onboard_led.value(1)
      state = 'ON'
    elif request =='/lightoff?':
      onboard_led.value(0)
      state = 'OFF'
      temperature = read_internal_temperature()
      html = webpage(temperature, state)
    client.send(html)
    client.close()

def read_internal_temperature():
    # Read the raw ADC value
    adc_value = temp_sensor.read_u16()

    # Convert ADC value to voltage
    voltage = adc_value * (3.3 / 65535.0)

    # Temperature calculation based on sensor characteristics
    temperature_celsius = 27 - (voltage - 0.706) / 0.001721

    return temperature_celsius

def celsius_to_fahrenheit(temp_celsius): 
    temp_fahrenheit = temp_celsius * (9/5) + 32 
    return temp_fahrenheit

try:
  serve(connection)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
  machine.reset()

Result